不可不知道的外貿(mào)信函的常用句法
在商務(wù)交往過程中,我們不得不經(jīng)常寫一些外貿(mào)信函,外貿(mào)信函的常用句法,你知道嗎?一次完整的外貿(mào)流程通常包含詢價答復(fù)(期望建立業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系)、咨詢信用狀況、報盤及還盤、支付條款、裝運、抱怨與調(diào)停中的數(shù)個或者全部階段。外貿(mào)流程全部階段的英文表達方法,你會說嗎?本文由春喜外語整理提供,將根據(jù)不同的外貿(mào)階段,簡要介紹外貿(mào)信函常用的寫作句法。
1.詢價與答復(fù)(enquiries and replies) ,在這個階段書寫信函的主要目的在于了解價格、產(chǎn)品目錄、價格條款等,在內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)上,可以先寫明如何得知對方公司及業(yè)務(wù)范圍,簡要介紹己方公司的經(jīng)營業(yè)務(wù),再詢問相關(guān)商品的價格、常用付款方式、是否存在折扣,可以請求對方寄送價目表等附件。
對詢價的答復(fù)應(yīng)針對對方的詢問提供訊息,可在結(jié)尾建議對方關(guān)注己方的其他商品,從而拓展業(yè)務(wù)聯(lián)系。
詢價類信件中常用句式如下:
We learn from…that your are exporter/importer of …
譯文:我們從XX處得知,你方系XX的出口商/進口商
We are dealers in…and anticipate there is a promising market in our area for your goods.
譯文:我們是XX產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易商,期待您的商品可以在本地區(qū)擁有良好的市場。
We would like you to us a copy of your catalogue for…,with CIF prices and term of payment.We should find it most helpful/It would be obligated if you could also supply samples of…
譯文:敬請你方能寄送一份XX產(chǎn)品目露,并說明CIF價格及付款條款。如能寄來XX樣品,將會極為有幫助/至為感謝。
答復(fù)詢價類信件常用句式如下:
We are very pleased to receive your enquiry about…of(date) and enclose our illustrated catalogue and price list.Also by separate post we are sending you some samples.
譯文:我們很高興收到您X年X月X日關(guān)于XX商品的詢價,現(xiàn)附上(附件中是)詳細(xì)的附圖目錄及價格單,另郵寄一些樣品。
On regular purchases in quantities of not less than…we allow you a discount of … Payment is to be made by irrevocable L/C at sight.
譯文:對于定期購買商品數(shù)量不少于……,我方可給予XX折扣。付款方式為不可撤銷即期信用證。
We invite your attention to our other products such as…,details of which you will find in the catalogue,and look forward to receiving your first order.
譯文:我們提請您注意我們的其他產(chǎn)品,例如XX,其詳細(xì)情況可以在隨信目錄中找到,期待您的首次定單。
2.資信咨詢(status enquiries),這個階段主要目的系通過一些具備良好信譽的銀行、商會、咨詢公司等調(diào)查首此合作的商貿(mào)伙伴的資信狀況,信件內(nèi)容應(yīng)簡潔全面地敘述己方想要了解的訊息。此類信件通常為機密信件。
常用句法如下:
We have received a letter from….
We should like to know the financial and credit standing of the above mentioned company. We would be very pleased if you would assist us in this respect,and we can assure you that all the information you provide will be treated in absolute confidence.
譯文:我們接到了XX公司的信件,我們希望能得知該公司的財務(wù)及信用狀況。希你行/你司能夠就此事提供資訊,對于你方提供的任何信息,我們一定予以絕對保密。
3.報盤及還盤(offers and counter offers),當(dāng)知曉詢價及答復(fù)詢價信件的寫法后,報盤及還盤的寫作將十分容易。
當(dāng)接到對方詢價時,如果認(rèn)為對方具備誠意且己方貨品較為充裕并符合對方要求,即可在回信中進行報盤(在合同法中亦成為要約),報盤應(yīng)具備價格、付款條件、價格構(gòu)成、交貨裝運日期的承諾、報盤有效期等細(xì)節(jié),若對方有意向達成交易并且同意報盤的全部條款,則會還盤(合同法中稱為承諾),若對方不同意某些條款,雙方則要進行一輪或數(shù)輪磋商,以期最終達成交易。
綜上,可以將報盤視為更有約束力與詳細(xì)的詢價答復(fù),而還盤及磋商的要點則是明確表示己方觀點。
報盤常用句法如下:
Thank you for your letter of(date).We are pleased to quote as follows…subject to your reply reaching us by(date)
譯文:感謝您在X年X月X日的來信,我們很樂意就如下商品報價如下,以X年X月X日前復(fù)到有效。
Terms:By L/C at sight
Shipment: within (time) of receiving the L/C .
譯文:付款方式為即期信用證,裝運時間為受到信用證后。
為了保留回旋余地,也可以在報盤時加上如下句式:
The quotation is subject to our final confirmation
譯文:本報價以我方最后確認(rèn)為準(zhǔn)。
答復(fù)報盤的常用句法如下:
Thank your your letter of (date) offering us your quotations of …,but your prices appear to be on the high side.We would suggest that you make some allowance.
譯文:很高興收到你們X年X月X日關(guān)于XX商品的報價,但你方價格偏高。我們建議貴方能夠提供一些折讓。
We find quality ,prices and other terms satisfactory and are pleased to give you an order…
譯文:我們對質(zhì)量及你方報盤的價格等均十分滿意,同意定單如下……
4.支付條款(terms of payment),報盤與還盤階段完成后,買方會向賣方提交定單(order),定單通常會包含詳細(xì)的數(shù)量、價格、裝運港、支付方式、貿(mào)易術(shù)語等等,在實踐中,定單常常為事先印制的表格或者排版完善的電子文檔,故而本節(jié)不再過多贅述,對于從新客戶處首次收到的定單,應(yīng)禮節(jié)性地回函確認(rèn),主要內(nèi)容為感謝定單,簡要說明支付條款,體現(xiàn)對定單的重視以及盡快發(fā)貨的誠意。
在定單作出并被確認(rèn)后,買賣雙方即可通過信函確認(rèn)支付條款及發(fā)貨事宜,在外貿(mào)活動中常用的支付方式為信用證(L/C)、付款交單(D/P)、承兌交單(D/A)。
定單中常見的詞句如下:
packing(包裝,后接具體的包裝方式),shipment(裝運,后接發(fā)貨港口),payment(付款,后接支付條款)
回復(fù)首次定單的常用句式:
We are pleased to receive your order of (date) for……
For goods ordered we require payment to be made by a confirmed and irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight upon presentation of shipping documents. Please let us know whether you agree to our terms.
譯文:我們很高興收到您在X年X月X日關(guān)于訂購XX商品的叮當(dāng),我們要求使用保兌的不可撤銷信用證(見單即付)匯票付款,請告知是否同意我方的支付條款。
As soon as we receive your reply in the affirmative, we shall arrange for dispatch upon receipt of your L/C.
譯文:一旦我們接到貴方的肯定答復(fù),并受到你方開立的信用證,我方即會安排發(fā)貨。
涉及支付條款的常用句法:
We have instructed our bank to open an irrevocable documentary L/C in your favour. The credit will be confirmed by our bank’s correspondent.
譯文:我方已通知我方銀行開立以你方為受益人的不可撤銷跟單信用證。該信用證由我方銀行的往來行保兌。
You are authorized to draw the sight draft on our bank against the credit.
現(xiàn)授權(quán)你方憑此信用證,向我方銀行開立見票即付匯票。
Payment by irrevocable L/C is convenient for us,and we shall draw a demand draft on your bank.
譯文:使用不可撤銷信用證付款,對我方頗為便利。我方將向你方銀行開立見票即付匯票。
It has been our usual practice to do business with payment by D/P at sight instead of by L/C.
譯文:我們通常的做法是憑即期付款交單而不用信用證。
Your request for payment by D/P has been taken into consideration.
譯文:你方以付款交單方式付款的要求,我方予以考慮。
We shall draw on you draft at 60 days’sight after the goods have been shipped. Please honour our draft when it falls due.
譯文:貨物發(fā)出后,我們將向你方開出60天期的匯票,請到期即付。
We sent you a mail two days ago asking you to expedite the relevant L/C.
譯文:我們兩日前已致信你方,要求貴方從速開立有關(guān)信用證。
5.裝運(shipment),裝運階段包括包裝(packing)及貨運。
關(guān)于包裝的信函來往,通常發(fā)生于一方對另一方采用的或者希望采用的包裝方式有所不滿或者一方對于包裝有特殊要求,因此使用信函進行磋商。
寫作者應(yīng)當(dāng)了解常用包裝的英文表達方式,并且對各類包裝特性有所熟悉,方能完成信件寫作。
而在貨運階段,信函常常用來確認(rèn)因何尚未發(fā)貨,解釋未能發(fā)貨的原因,改期的原因以及因為改期而產(chǎn)生的信用證修改和展期(L/C amendment and extension)。
常見的包裝方式:
紙箱(carton)、箱子(case)、板條箱(crate)、桶(drum)、包(bale)、大玻璃瓶(carboy)、集裝箱(container)
關(guān)于包裝的句式舉例:
The goods may be subjected to damage as the cartons will surely be soaked.
譯文:紙箱浸水時,貨品勢必會受損。
These cartons are well protected against moisture by plastic lining.
譯文:這些紙箱使用塑料襯里,防潮性能很好。
Please put each bottle in a foam plastic casing and then in a thick paper box.
譯文:請將每個瓶子加一個塑料泡沫套并裝在后紙盒內(nèi)。
a carton lined with waterproof paper and bound with two iron straps outside.
譯文:內(nèi)襯防潮紙,外加兩道鐵箍的紙箱。
有關(guān)貨運的常用句法:
We wish to call your attention to the fact that up to the present moment no news has come from you about the shipment under the contract.
譯文:茲提請你們注意以下事實,迄今為止我們尚未收到你方關(guān)于裝運合約項下的貨物的消息。
We trust the goods will reach you in due coure.
譯文:我們相信貨物將按時到達。
We apologize for the delay about the…you ordered.
Our effort to give punctual delivery should have been frustrated by the late arrival of the steamer.
譯文:我們對于您訂購的XX延誤發(fā)運深感抱歉。我們努力準(zhǔn)時發(fā)貨竟因貨輪遲到而受挫。
Now the goods have been shifted to the airport waiting for dispatch.
譯文:目前貨物已抵達機場,等待空運。
Extend the L/C to (date)and (date) for shipment and negotiation respectively.
譯文:將信用證的裝運日期和一副日期分別延展至XX日期和XX日期。
6. 抱怨與調(diào)停(complaints and adjustments), 此階段的書信通常因為貨物發(fā)錯、貨品質(zhì)量不能令人滿意而發(fā)生,對于貨物發(fā)錯的事件,抱怨的一方應(yīng)以禮貌的態(tài)度請求予以解決,發(fā)貨方則應(yīng)迅速查明原因,在信中提出解決方法。
至于質(zhì)量問題引發(fā)的信件往來,應(yīng)在產(chǎn)品工程師或技術(shù)人員的幫助下撰寫相關(guān)信函,以期消除嫌隙。
有關(guān)句式舉例:
When we opened the case we found it contained complete different articles, and we can only presume that a mistake was made.
譯文:當(dāng)我們打開箱子時發(fā)現(xiàn),箱內(nèi)所裝的完全不是訂購的貨物,我們只能假定這是一次差錯。
We find that a mistake was indeed made through a confusion of numbers, and we arranged for the right goods to be despatched to you at once.
譯文:我們發(fā)現(xiàn)由于號碼混淆導(dǎo)致錯誤。我們已安排貨運,將正確的貨物發(fā)送給貴方。
外貿(mào)信函你會寫了嗎?想了解更多的外貿(mào)英語嗎?趕快來春喜外語:www.xinlianteng.cn, 專業(yè)外貿(mào)英語培訓(xùn)機構(gòu),一對一外教在線等你哦!