The indefinite pronouns "nobody" and "no one" are often mixed up with the pronoun "none." The first two words are both singular pronouns and synonymous, but "none" can be either singular or plural.

　　不定代詞“nobody”和“no one”常與代詞“none”混淆，前兩個詞既是單數(shù)代詞又是同義詞，但“none”既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)。

　　How to Use "Nobody"

　　如何使用“Nobody”

　　"Nobody" is an indefinite pronoun, meaning it does not refer to any particular person. It means the same thing as "no person" or "not anyone." As an indefinite pronoun that refers to an absence, "nobody" also has no defined amount. Grammatically, though, it is treated as a singular noun: Nobody was there to open the door.

　　“nobody”是一個不定代詞，意思是它不指任何特定的人。它的意思和“沒有人”或“沒有任何人”是一樣的。作為一個不定代詞，它指的是一個缺席，“沒有人”也沒有明確的數(shù)量。不過，從語法上講，它被視為一個單數(shù)名詞：沒有人在那里開門。

　　How to Use "No One"

　　如何使用“No One”

　　"No one" is also an indefinite pronoun, and it means the same thing as "nobody." It is usually considered more formal than "nobody," which is why it is more likely to appear in writing.

　　“No one”也是一個不定代詞，它的意思和“nobody”一樣。它通常被認為比“nobody”更正式，這就是為什么它更可能出現(xiàn)在書面形式中。

　　"No one" is a common misspelling of "no one," which is two words. "No-one"—with a hyphen—is a less common spelling, typically found in British English.

　　“noone”是“no one”的常見拼寫錯誤，即兩個詞。沒有人,連字符是不太常見的拼寫，通常在英式英語中。

　　How to Use "None"

　　如何使用“None”

　　The pronoun "none" means not one, not any, or no persons or things. As an adverb, "none" means not at all or to no extent.

　　代詞“none”指的不是一個，不是任何，也不是任何人或事物。作為副詞，“none”一詞根本沒有意思，也沒有意義。

　　There's a common misconception that "none" can only be singular, but this has never been true. When "none" is the subject of a clause and refers to members of a group, it can be used with either a singular verb ("None is") or a plural verb ("None are"). "None" must be followed by a singular verb only when it means "not part of a whole," as in "None of it is mine."

　　有一個常見的誤解是“無”只能是單數(shù)，但這從來都不是真的。當(dāng)“none”是一個從句的主語并且是一個組的成員時，它可以與單數(shù)動詞(“none is”)或復(fù)數(shù)動詞(“none are”)一起使用。“none”后面必須跟一個單數(shù)動詞，只有當(dāng)它的意思是“不是一個整體的一部分”，就像“none of it is mine”一樣。

　　Examples

　　例子

　　"Nobody and "no one" are basically interchangeable; the main difference between the two is the degree of formality:

　　“Nobody”和“no one”基本上是可以互換的;兩者的主要區(qū)別在于形式化程度：

　　No one is ever too old to learn something new.

　　沒有人老得學(xué)不到新東西。

　　Nobody wants to sign up for cleanup duties.

　　沒有人愿意報名參加清理工作。

　　"None" means the same thing as "not one" or "not any," which is why it's often found in reference to groups:

　　“None”與“not one”或“not any”是同一回事，這就是為什么它經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在群體中：

　　None of the other apples are as good as the Honeycrisp.

　　其他的蘋果都不如蜜餞好。

　　None of the guests has any idea what to bring to the party.

　　所有的客人都不知道該帶什么來參加聚會。

　　In the first example, "none" takes the plural verb "are" because it is used in the sense of "not any" (Not any of the other apples are as good as the Honeycrisp). In the second example, "none" takes the singular verb "has" because it is used in the sense of "not one" (Not one of the guests has any idea what to bring to the party). If you're using the word "none" and you aren't sure if it should take a singular or a plural verb, try replacing "none" with "not any" or "not one" to determine in which sense it's being used.

　　在第一個例子中，“none”采用復(fù)數(shù)動詞“are”，因為它是在“not any”的意義上使用的(其他任何蘋果都不如蜜脆蘋果好)。在第二個例子中，“none”取單數(shù)動詞“has”，因為它的意思是“not one”(沒有一個客人知道帶什么去參加聚會)。如果你在使用“無”這個詞，而且你不確定它應(yīng)該是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)動詞，那么試著用“沒有”或“沒有”替換“無”，以確定它在哪個意義上被使用。

　　Wilson Follett, the author of the style guide "Modern American Usage," wrote that choosing the right verb for "none" is always a matter of context:

　　《現(xiàn)代美國用法》風(fēng)格指南的作者威爾遜·福利特寫道，為“none”選擇正確的動詞總是與上下文有關(guān)：

　　"The fact is that in some contexts none means not a single one, making singularity emphatic, whereas in other contexts it means no two, no few, no several, no fraction of many. In None of us is entitled to cast the first stone the singular meaning is hardly mistakable; in None of the commentators agree on the meaning of this passage the plural meaning is equally clear. None, then, is freely either singular or plural according to the sense suggested by its context. Often the number we give it makes no difference."

　　“事實是，在某些情況下，沒有一個意味著不是一個單一的，使奇點突出，而在其他情況下，它意味著沒有兩個，沒有幾個，沒有幾個，沒有分數(shù)的許多。在我們中沒有人有資格鑄造第一塊石頭，它的單數(shù)含義幾乎是不可混淆的;在所有的評論員中，都沒有人同意這段話的含義，復(fù)數(shù)含義也同樣清楚。因此，根據(jù)上下文所暗示的意義，沒有一個詞可以自由地是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。我們給出的數(shù)字往往沒有什么區(qū)別。”

　　How to Remember the Differences

　　如何記住差異

　　"Nobody" and "no one" always refer to people. If you're struggling to decide which one you should write, you can relax. Either one will do, so stick with whichever sounds best.

　　“Nobody”和“no one”總是指人。如果你正在努力決定你應(yīng)該寫哪一個，你可以放松。任何一個都可以，所以堅持聽最好的聲音。

　　"None" can refer to people or inanimate objects. This word always points to another noun or nouns in a sentence, which is why you often see the construction "none of the [noun]," as in:

　　“None”指人或無生命的物體。這個詞總是指向一個句子中的另一個或多個名詞，這就是為什么你經(jīng)?？吹?ldquo;None of the[名詞]”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

　　None of the guests enjoyed the meal.

　　沒有一位客人喜歡這頓飯。

　　"None" is the appropriate word in this case because it points to the noun "guests." Without the noun "guests," the sentence would require an indefinite pronoun such as "nobody" or "no one" instead:

　　在這種情況下，“none”是合適的詞，因為它指向名詞“guests”。如果沒有名詞“guests”，句子將需要一個不定代詞，如“nobody”或“no one”，而不是：

　　No one enjoyed the meal.

　　沒人喜歡這頓飯。