英語語法 | 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
本文章由春喜在線英語于2017.09.23日編輯發(fā)布
主語+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞-ing(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)
(一)表示從過去某時(shí)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,并且還將持續(xù)下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中國(guó)有2000年的造紙歷史。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
I have been learning English three years ago.三年以來我一直在學(xué)英語。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
(二)表示在說話時(shí)刻之前到現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了(人還沒到,如同在電話里說的,還會(huì)繼續(xù)等)
(三)有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經(jīng)工作五年了。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
(四)大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。
I have been writing a book.(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)我一直在寫一本書。
I have writted a book.(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.他們一直在造一座橋。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)
They have built a bridge.他們?cè)炝艘蛔鶚颉#▌?dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)
(五)表示狀態(tài)的 動(dòng)詞 不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
I have known him for years.我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)好幾年了。
* I have been knowing...
這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還有:love愛,like喜歡,hate討厭,think想等等。
(六)一些現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子也與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子含義相同
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)中使用,句意相同。例如:
She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.
She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.她已經(jīng)睡了6個(gè)小時(shí),到現(xiàn)在還沒有醒來。
(七)表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的未完成性
It has been raining for 3 days。已經(jīng)下了3天的雨了(現(xiàn)在還沒停止)